Machine for operating on pieces of sheet material



Jan. 12 1926.

B. F. MAYO MACHINE Fon OPERATING oN PIECES 0E SHEET MATERIAL Filed Feb. 14, 919 7 sneet-sheet 1 NN d Jan. 12 1926.

B. F. MAYO MACHINE FOR OPERATING oN PIECES 0F SHEET MATERIAL Filed Feb. 14, 1919 7 Sheets-Sheet 2y Jan; 12 1926.

B. F. MAYO MACHINE yFOR OPERATING ON PIECES OF SHEET MATERIAL 1919 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 14

WWHHHHHVWMQWHHHHMWM- I Jan. 12 I, 1926. 1,569,232

. B. F. MAYO MACHINE FOR OPERATING ON PIECES OF SHEET MATERIAL vJan. 12 1926.

B. F. MYO

MACHINE FOR OPERATING ON PIECES 0F SHEET MATERIAL Filed Feb- 14, 1919 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jan. 12 1926.

B. F. MAYO MACHINE FOR OPERATING 0N PIECES 0F SHEET MATERIAL 7 Sheets-'Sheet Filed Febr. 14, 1919 wx sgg. w 7

Jan. 12 1926.`

B. F. MAYO MACHINE Foa OPERATING oN PIECES 0F SHEET MATERIAL Filed Feb. 14, 1919 "7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Patented Jam 12,- 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT 'oi-Flcl-t.l

nmmm r. amro, or SALEM, massacnusn'rrs, assreNoa ro' Umar suon nA- cnmanr CORPORATION, or nrnason, Naw JERSEY, a concurren or vNaw maaar.

Application led February 14, 1919. Serial' No. 277,083.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN MAYO,

a vcitizen of the-United States, residing at Salem, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines'for Operating -on Pieces of Sheet Material; and I do hereby declare the following'tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the in- -vention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art t'o which it appertains to make and use the same.

`The invention relates to the manufacture of shoes. One object of the invention is to'A insure the accurate positioning of parts of a shoe with relationV to yeach other and with relation to a support or lcarrier by which they are presented to a mechanism for performing an operation thereon 4so that a uni- -formly accurate relation between the dif# .ferent parts, and also between the parts-and the operating mechanism during t e operation of the operating mechanism' thereon, is secured, with a resulting uniformity7 in the product resulting from .such operation. To this end the parts to be operated on are each provided with. positioning surfaces at predetermined points, so` shaped and arranged that they may be futilized to control the position of said parts with relation to each other `and to locate the parts in a predetermined. osition on the support which `determines 4t e relation between the parts and the operating mechanism durin its'o eration thereon. Positioning mem ers a apt- `ed. to cooperate with lthe positioning surfaces are arranged in pre-determined relation to the support when in position `to receive the parts so that .by bringingthe positioning surfaces into register with the positioning members the parts may be accul rately positioned with relation toleach other and also accurately positioned on the suport.

'p The-invention is especially designed for assembling two parts of a shoe upper in predetermined relations i and securlng the same together. In assembling and stitching together the arts of an u per the correct a pearance o the nished's t e parts shall be accurately located in predetermined relative positions and permaoe requires thatnently secured together in such positions and also that the seam be accurately located in a predetermined relation to the edge of one or both of the parts.l Ordinarily the parts of the upper are assembled on the worky support or table of the sewing ma-H" l l f chine, are located by the operator in 'predetermined relations by the use of vgaging marks on one or both of the parts and are I placed in such relations beneath the presser foot of the 'machine in position to start the seam. During the sewing operation the parts are held iny position at the point of operation by the clamping action of the work support and presser foot and are grasped at one ormore points in advance of the operating point and held in proper relation and guided by the operator to properly locate the seam. The 'positioning and securing of the parts together in this manner requires much skill and care and 'results in the expenditure of relatively considerable labor and time, the attention-of the operator being lrequired throughout the op-- eration. Furthermore, v the operation- 4is often'unskillfully or carelessly performed and the appearance of the finished work is thereby greatly impaired. 1

lThe present invention enables the parts of the up er to be accurately located in the 'pro r re ations, presented in such relations to t e securing mechanism, 'and guided vduring the securin operation with the -exercise of very little s ill or care on the partv of the `operator and with the least possible expenditure' of labor and time. The invention is not limited, however, to this particular o eration, but certain features thereof may employed to advantage for 'assembling and securin together other shoe parts or the parts o other articles. Also certain features ofv the invention may be utilized with advantage for performing cer- In the machinegwhich is illustrative of the preferred form of the invention the posi tioning members are in the form of gage pins which cooperate with ositioningl sur,-

faceson the parts in the orm of gaging perforations or holes arranged to register when the parts. are in proper relation to eachother and to be impaled on the pins.

The gage pins are associated with -a work supporting table upon which they definitely and uniformly locate the work and from which the work is transferred to a carrier having, at the time of transfer, a denite relation to the table so that the work is definitely and uniformly located on the carrier. This carrier' forms a support which determines the relation between the parts of the upper andthe operating mechanism Aduring its operation thereon. The mechanism for transferring the Work from the table to the carrier acts automatically and is thrownl into operation upon movement of the carrier into receiving'position. The transfer is effected by relative movement of the table and carrier to bring the work on the table into engagement with the carrier and the gage pins remain in the gage holes of the work durin vthe transfer to prevent displacement vof t e work.

The various features of the invention will be understood from the accompanying drawings illustrating the invention 'in the best form thuslfar devised by the inventor and the following constructions therein shown.

'In the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine embodying the invention; Fig.-

2 is a viewin front elevation of the machine; Fig. 3 is a detaill plan view illustrating the assembling table, the carrier and certain associated parts; Fig. 4 is a detail underside plan view illustrating the carrier; Fig. 5 is a plan view partl Vbroken away and partly 1n section of t e assembling table;

Fig. 6- isa sectional view of the assembling table taken substantially on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the assembling table taken substantially on the l line 7--7 of Fig. 5; Fi 8 'is a sectional tain' parts of the sewin view of a portion of t e machine taken substantially on the line 8-8 of Fig. 2; Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view of the carrier mechanism taken substantially on the line 9 9 of Fig. 3; Fig. 10 is a view in side elevation partly in section illustrating cermechanism; Fig. 11 is a view in front eevation of certain parts of the mechanism shown .in Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a detail underside plan view illustrating one of the nozzles of the suction mechanism; Fig. 13 is a detail View partly in front elevation and partly in section illustrating the main driving clutch of the machine; Fig. 14 is a detail view artly in side elevation and partly in section illustrating a one revolution clutch forming part of the assembling table actuating mechanism; and Figs. 15, 16 and 17 are similar views in side elevation partly Iin section'illustrating in different positions certain parts of the mechanism for controlling the maindriving clutch.

The machine illustrated 1n the drawlngs detailed description of the Lacie-.aes

lis especially designed to be employed in vamp.

.The sewing mechanism of the machine illustrated in the drawing, with the. exception of the devices for feeding the work, is of well known construction. The sewing mechanism comprises vertically reciprocating, straight eyed needles 2, a presser foot 4, a feed dog 6, and a feed foot 8. The machine is also provided with a work table 10 and with an overhanging arm 12 formed with bearings in which the needle bar and the presser bar slide. y

The needles 2 are secured to the lower end of a needle bar 14 mounted to slide vertically in bearings formed in projecting portions 16 and 18 of the overhanging arm 12. The needle bar is reciprocated by means of a lever 2O pivoted at 22 on the overhangin arm 12 and connected at its left hand end to the needle bar by means of a link 24; The lever 20 is actuated from an eccentric 26 mounted on. the main Shaft 28 of the machine through an eccentric rod30.

The presser foot 4 is secured to the lower end of a presser bar 32 mounted to slide vertically in bearings also formed in the projecting portions 16 and 18 of the overv hanging arm 12. The presser foot is constantly pressed yieldingly into engagement with the work by means of a leaf spring 34, engaging a stud projecting from the block 35 secured to the presser bar.

The feeding devices of the machine are especially constructed to prevent the work from wrinklling as it is fed by said devices, and to secure a positive feed of both of the parts to be stitched together.

The feed dog 6 which is arranged to engage the underside of the work is secured to a carrier 38 the forward portion of which y posed between the eccentric and tliearms of the carrier las shown in Fig. 10. 'The rearend of the carrier 38 is pivotally connected at 44 with the upper end of a leverA 46 pivoted at its lower end upon a stud 48.

The lever 46 is actuated to im art forward and rearward movements to t e carrier 38 a disk 52 secured to the left hand end of `by means of a crank 50 projecting from the main shaft 28 and-alinkfor pitman 54 connecting the crank with a forwardly extendin arm on said lever.` Through the action o the mechanism describedv the feed dog is raised, lowered, advanced and retracted in the well known manner to feed the work through the machine.

-The `feed foot 8 is arranged to project through a slot in the resser *foot 4 so -as to engage the work on t e upper side thereof at a point opposite the feed dog, is conntantly pressed yieldingly into engagement with the work and is advanced and retracted in timedrelation to the `advancing.anderetracting movements of the feeddog'to-,assist infeeding the work.` In the construction :shown the feed .foot is'mounted'on the lowerA end ofa feed foot lever 56.-.pivotedat 58 .upon an arm formed on a block. GOsecured to the 'presser bar 32. Tlnoughthe connec- .tion between the feed'v foot lever andthe presser bar the lever is constantly'pressed yieldingly into engagement with the work by the action of the presser foot spring V34 and is `free .to accommodate itself foot .lever is actuated' to advance -and retract the feed foot in timed relationito the movements of the feeddog by means of a cam plate 62 secured'to-a block 64 mounted on the needle bar, the' .cam plate having .a cam slot 66 in which engages-a -cam roll 68 mounted on the upper. end of the feed foot lever.

, 62 is so formed that as the -`needle bar is lifted the feed foot lever is actuated to advance the feed foot, and that as the needle` bar is depressed the` lever isactuated to retract the 'feed foot.

With the above construction the feed dog and the feed foot will engage respectively the overlapping or superposed portions-f. of two parts to be stitched together, will roduce a positive feeding movement of 4th of the parts in a reliable manner andv`v will have no tendency to wrinkle the stockduring their feeding movement. It will y be noted from an inspection of Figs.' 10- and 11 that both vthe feed dog and feed -foot are comparatively` narrowA and that lthe lower end of the feed foot is rounded,l so that the stock can swing readilyvas itis fed `by these devices. p

The main shaft 28 of the Sewing mechanism is driven by means of a pulley 70v loosely n io'unted on the shaft and a belt 72 passing about thepulleyV and about 'a grooved flange formed on a pulley 74 secured to a` driving shaft "e176 mounted inl bearings in the base ofthe machine. The

shaft 1s constantly driven from a suitablepower shaft by means of a belt shown-f runmng' on the loose pulley (8.

To enable the main shaft 28 of the sewing The cam slot lin the cam plate sembled before being Vmechanism'Ato started at suitable "times, ajfrictionclutchqis rovidedv for connectingthe pulley 70'with't e shaft.

The driving-member of the clutch is -indicated at 82 and-is mounted on the pjulle .70. The drivenme'mber of the clntch'f'is indicated at 84andf` is mountedonf the's'haftlto rotate with-'the .shaft Ibut is movable longitudinally'of the shaft into and 'outof engagementfwith the drivingmemberof theclutch. The driven member of the clutch is acted upon by acoiled spring 86 whichvtends to force the driven clutchmember into err-- gagement with the y driving clutch member.

The engagement of the members of the clutch is controlled by a'lever 88 pivotedat 90 to an arm on the frame of the machine and carrying. abutment screws92 the heads lof which are arranged to engage a. flange 94011'V the u driven member of the clutch. The clutch lever 88 is actuated to control the engagementl of the clutch by means of ag toggle comprising -a link 96 and anarm -98' secured to the lower 'end of a rock shaft 100 mounted in a bearing in the frame. When the toggle is straightened the clutch lever 88 is held by the toggle in its outer position- `and the driven clutch .member is held out of engagement ywith `theA driving clutch member by the engagement of the abutment screws 92 ,with the flange 94.` Tothe upper end of the rock shaft. 10() is adjustably secured a clutch controlling arm 102 which is acted upon' by a coiled spring 104, tending to swing the same forwardly. With this construction the enga ement of'the driven member ofthe clutc 84 with the driving clutch member is controlled. ,by the position of the.arm--.102.

'-lVhen the clutch controlling armj102 is in'` its forward position, the toggle isy straight- |ened asv shown ,in Fig-1. When'thechitch controlling. arm 102 is swung rearwardly from its forward positionv fthe-A toggle is broken Aand vthe 'clutch levery '88 is swungl 11g-A theleft. allowing the driven clutch member to be moved into engagement. with'th'ez drivly ing clutch member bythe action ofthe coiledl spring 86. The `clutch controllingarm 102 is held in its rearward positionA during the sewing operationl by'means of a latclr106 pivoted'on a stud 108 lmoimted-ony the rear.r end ofa plate 110 seciired atits forward end -tothe frame-*of` the machine.

The machine is providedwitl a work supporting table, indicated as la .wholei at 112, upon which theparts lof the upper-areasapplied to thefcarrier The table comprisesxI tion 114. for the reception ofthe yvamp 'and an inner or rear sectionll for the lreeeptionj of -the tip,:eachy provided withv a 'covering of orward or outer las felt or other suitable'ifabric as -indicatedai l' 117".l 'Ihe 'tableis mounted for forward andv rearward adjustment and alo; y.for adjustf adjust the position in which the assembled parts lot' the upper are applied to the carrier and also is adjustable laterally with the carrier. The carrier when in position to receive the parts of the u er is located above the table and the table is mounted for vertical movement to transfer the parts of the upper assembled on the table to the carrier. The table is carried` by a forwardly and rearwardly movable slide 118 formed with a dove-tailed rib or tenon 120 engaging in a guide in a support 122 fixed to the upper end of a shaft 124. An adjusting screw 126 is provided to adjust the slide 118 and to hold the same in adjusted position. The shaft 124 is mounted to slide longitudinally in bearings in a laterally movable slide 128 provided with a dove-tailed groove in which engages a ldove-tailed rib or tenon 130 formed on the frame of the machine. The slide 128 is adjusted and .held in adjusted position by means of an adjusting screw 132. The adjustment of the slide 128 serves to adjust the movement of the carrier and also to adj-ust the table laterally so that the carrier is always located in central relation to the table when the parts are transferred from the table to the carrier, as will be fully explained hereinafter. The mounting of the support 122 upon the shaft 124 enables the support to be adjusted about the axis of the shaft to adjust the assembling table angularly. In order to adjust the support and assembling table and hold the same in adjusted position, a block 134 is pinned to the shaft 124 as shown in Fig. 8, and abutment screws 136 threaded into spaced arms on the slide 128 are arranged to engage the opposite sides of the block as shown in Fig. 2.

To enable the parts of the upper to be readily and accurately located in the proper positions with relation to each other and placed in predetermined positions on the v assembling table, a pair of gage pins 138 for insertion in holes made at predetermined points in the parts of the upper are provided, these pins being arranged to project above the assembling table when the table is in position to receive the parts of the upper. ln the presentconstruction these gage pins are arranged to engage in perforations made in the V,forward marginal portion of the vamp and the 'rear marginal portion of the toe cap near the lateral'edges thereof. To accommodate differences in the distances between the perforations made in the parts of the upper such as occur in the parts of uppers of dierent sizes, the gage pins are mounted so that they may be adjusted toward 'and from each other. In the' illustrated construction, the gage pins are `respectively mounted apen supporting bars 140 normally resting upon the frame of the machine as shown in Fig. '8. The gage pins are slidehly engaged in tubes 142.

secured in slide blocks 144 mounted to slide in a transverse guide groove in the slide 118,` the tubes rojecting Adownwardly through slots in said slide. The gage pins are adjusted toward and from each other by adjusting the slide blocks 144 toward and from each other in the guide groove in the slide. The slide blocks are adjusted in \this manner by means of a rotatable rod 146 having its opposite ends formed with right 'and left hand screw threads and threaded into the respective slide blocks. The supporting bars 140 have a telescopic connection as shown in Fig. 7 and indicated at 148 in said. ligure to hold the bars from turning about the gage pins. f

The carrier for carrying the parts of the upper past the stitch forming mechanism and for guiding the same during the stitch' ing of the parts together is indicated as a .whole at 150. The carrier comprises an outer portion 152 having a skeleton structure for carryingthe vamp, an inner portion 154 for carrying the tipv spaced from the outer portion 152, anda curved arm 156 connecting these two portions. Fig. 3 shows the positions which the vamp and tip occupy when applied to the carrier.

The forward edge of thevamp and thev rear edge of the tip ordinarily are cut on approximately circular arcs which are located in concentric relation when the parts are assembled in proper relative positions and in stitchin the arts together the seam or seams are orme through the 'overlap ping portions thereof alon lines substantifall parallel with these e ges. The radii o t the uppers of shoes of -dierent sizes and also vary to a considerable degree in different classes or styles of shoes of the same size. In the present machine the carrier is so mounted and controlled that with a carrier of relatively light and'compact construct/ion the parts of uppers .the arcuate edges of which having the longest. radii actually occurring in shoe manufactu'le,` as well'as those in which these edges havefthe shortest radii maybe sewn. Furthermore, the adjustment of the movement of the carrier for up ers in which the radii ot these' ese arcs vary between wide limits inv In the illustrated construction the carrier v tucasa to said fulcrum is controlled b the supporting arm v160. The 'studs 166 1s mounted 1n a sleeve 172' threaded into an overhanging arm 174 formed on the slide 128 (see ing these axes will pass through the stitch forming mechanism-- Vtfithl this construction as' the carrier is swung past the stitch 15` forming mechanism this mechanism' willdescribe an approximately circular are on the parts of t e upper supported on the carrier. The radius of this arc' may be adjusted by f adjusting the stud 166- about 'which the carrier swings toward and from the stud 162. The parts are constructed and arrangedA so that the horizontal line intersectingthe axis of the stud 166 and 4that of the stud 162 and passing through the stitch forming mechanism is substantially parallel with'the direction of move' ment of the slide 128. The stud 166 may .be adjusted vtowardand lfrom the stud 162 by adjusting the slide 128.

It willbe noted that with a carrier mounted and controlled as above .described the parts of uppers the centers of the arcuate edges of which fall far'beyond the limits of the carrier may be carried and guided properly with relation to the stitch forming devices. Also, the vmovement of the carrier ma be adjusted for the parts of uppers in which the radii. of the arcuate edges vary between the extreme limits by a .relatively short adjustment of the pivot stud 166.

The carrier 150 is arranged t0 be swung .into a position over theassembling table 112 to receive theparts of the upper from the table as shown in Fig. a suitable stop determining the position of the carrier relative to the table. The carrier is mounted in a vertical position such that when it is swung over the table it is located somewhat above the table outof contactwith the parts of the upper. As the carrier is swung into receiving position above the assembling table, the table is elevated to place the parts of the' upper in contact with the carrier. The pa'rts -of the upper are then held. in engagement with the carrier by suction mechanism associated therewith, and the assembling table is lowered to its orginial position. The table is raised and lowered in the manner described by the vertical movement of the shaft 124 in its bearings in theslide 128. The mechanism for inoving the shaft vertically to raise and lower the table :com-1 prises a crank 17,6 formed on a shaft 178 vmounted in bearings in the frame anda pitman 180 connectingr the crank with a blocky 182 mounted to slide on the shaft 124. The

shaft 124 is elevated by the vertical movement of the block i182 through a coiled spring 184 surroundingv the shaft 124 and interposed between the block 182 `and the block 134. During its downward movement the block 182'en ages a nut 186 threaded on the lower end o the shaft 124, thereby depressing the shaft and the assembling table.

The shaft 178 is driven b means of a -pulley 188 loosely mounted on the outer end of the shaft and continuously rotated by means of a belt 190 passing about the same and about a pulley 192 mounted on the driving shaft 76. The shaft 178 is normally held stationary by means of a-pair of pivotally mounted,

friction shoes 194 arranged to engage the l shaft. When the carrier, however, 1s swung into receivin position over the assembling table the sha t 178 is clutched to the ulley 188 b means of a roll or Horton clutc i and is v driven from the pulley through a single revolution to elevate and depress the assembling table. When the shaft has described a single revolution the clutch is thrown out and the shaft again comes to rest. The

kclutch for connecting the pulley 188 with the sliaft 178 is of well known construction and comprises a driving member 195 carried by by means of a spring pressed plunger -212 in an angular position such that the proection 210 on the clutch controlling mem er 200 rests against the lower end of the buffer spring 208 thereby holding the clutch out of operation. The lower end of the buffer spring is carried out of operative engagement with the projection`210 to throw the clutch into operation by swinging the controlling lever to the right.

The controlling lever 204 is swung out of acting position to cause the engagement of the roll clutch by means of'a tripping lever 214 pivoted at 216 on an' arm 217 on the support 122, the upper end of which tripping vlever is arranged to be engaged by an arm or bracket 218 projecting laterally from the carrier. A dog 220 for engagement with the upper end of the controlling lever 204` is pivoted at 222 on the lower end of the' tripping lever 214 and is normally held by gravity with itsright hand end in position lto engage the controlling lever. The downward movement of the right hand end of the.. dog. however. is limited by the' engagement of the dog with a suitable sto shoulder formed on the tripping lever. s the carrier is swung into receiving position over the assembling table, the upper end of the tripping lever 214 is engaged by the bracket 218 and the tripping lever is actuated to swing the lower end thereof to the right, thereby carrying the dog 220 into engagement with the upper end ot the controlling lever 204- and swinging the latter lever to the right to disengage the end of the spring buffer 208 from the projection 210 on the clutch controlling member 200, thereby throwing the roll clutch into operation.

When the assembling table is elevated to' transfer the parts of the upper from the table to the carrier the upward movement of the tripping lever 214 carries the dog 220 above the upper end of the controlling lever 204, thereby releasing the latter lever and allowing the same to be swung back to its initial osition by the action of the spring pressed) plunger 212 so that it will engage the projection on the clutch controlling member and cause the disengagement of the roll clutch when the shaft 178 has described a single revolution. As the assembling table 1s depressed the under side of the dog 220 engages the u per end of the controlling lever 204, an the right hand end of the dog is swung upwardly relatively to the tripping lever. When the carrier 150 is released, and starts to swing to the right to carry the parts of the upper toward the stitch forming devices, the tripping lever is restored to its initial position by means of a spring pressed plunger 224. During this movement of the tripping lever the dog 220- is carried to the left past the upper end of the controlling lever 204 and the right hand end of the dog drops down into acting position, as shown in Fig. 2.

The throw of the crank 176 is somewhat greater' than that required to lift the table to bring the parts of the upper into contact with the carrier, the s ring ,184 bethe block 182 after ,the upward movement of the table is limited by the engagement of the parts of the upper with the carrier. With this construction the table when elevated to bring the upper into contact with the carrier will accommodate itself to uppers of different thicknesses.

In order to enable the tip and the vamp to be brought firmly into contact with the carrier when these parts of the upper are of different thicknesses, the outer or vamp supporting section 114 of the assembling table is located slightly above the inner or tip supporting section 116 for supporting the tip, and is yieldingly mounted. In the illustrated construction the vamp supporting section ot the table is -mounted upon @5 hollow cylindrical guide studs or sleeves ing compressed by the upwar movement o Lacasse 226 arranged to slide vertically in guides in the slide 118, and is normally held in elevated position slightly above the tip supporting section b means of coiled springs 228. The upwar movement of the section 114 of vthe table under the action of the coiled springs 228 is limited by means of stop screws 230. With this construction as the assembling table is elevated to bring the parts of the upper into engagement with the carrier, the vamp resting upon the section 114 of the table is first engaged with the carrier, and the table continues to move upwardly compressing the coiled s rings 228 until the tip is firmly engaged wit the carrier.

To support the carrier against the thrust of the table as the table is elevated, abutment screws 231 are threaded into a forwardly projecting extension on the overhanging arm 174.

The suction mechanism for holding the parts of the upper in position on the carrier comprises a suction plate 232 mounted on the inner portion 154 of the carrier to hold the tip in position, and a suction plate 234, and a series of suction disks 236 mounted on the outer portion 152 of the carrier to hold the vamp in osition. Each of the suction plates 232 an 234 is formed upon its under side with a series of parallel grooves 238, with a relatively transverse groove 240 intersecting the parallel grooves,

and with an opening 242 communicating with the latter groove as shown in Fig, 4. Each of the suction disks is formed upon its under side with a series of concentric grooves 244. with a transverse groove 246 intersecting the concentric grooves, and with an opening 248 communicating with the latter groove. The opening l242 in the plate 232 forms a continuation of a passageway 250 (Fig. 8) formed by a longitudinal bore in the stud 158. The passage- Way 250 communicates by means of a slot in the stud 158 with one end of a passageway 252 extending longitudinally through the supporting arm 160, and the latter passageway is connected at its other end with a longitudinal bore 254 in the stud 162 which is closed at its upper and lower ends by means of pins driven therein. The stud 162 is formed withYV a series of radial openings 256 leadingV from the central bore in the studto a shallow groove 258 formed in the periphery of the stud. The groove 258 communicates through a passageway 26() in they frame with one end of a flexible pi e 262 the other end of which is connectet with a suction lfan 264 driven from the driving shaft 76. The opening 242 in the suction plate 234, and the openings 248 in the suction disks communicate with passageways 266 formed in the outer portion of the carrier. These .passageways are llt.)

connected by means of a curved pipe 268, a passageway 270 in the carrier, and a transverse bore in the stud 158 with the longitudinal' bore in said stud. The up er end of the longitudinal bore in the stu 158 is normally closed by means of a lever 272 pivoted at 274 on the `carrier between-the plate 170 and a block 276 secured tothe carrier.

The suction mechanism is controlled by the lever 272 so that a suction force is produced at the suction plates and nozzles to hold the parts ot' the upper in'position on the carrier when the carrier is in receiving position over the assembling table `and during the movement of the carrier past the stitch forming mechanism, and that the suction action at the suction plates and nozzles is relieved when the parts of the u per have been carried past the stitch forming mechanism allowing said parts kto drop from the carrier. To this end the lever 272 is formed with an opening 27 8 adapted to be brought into registration with the upper end of the i longitudinal bore in the stud 158 andthe the clutch controlling arm 102 by the movement of the carrier just after the completion of the seam, and the suction controlling lever 272 is thus swung about its pivot `to bring the; opening 278 therein into registration with the longitudinal bore in the` stud 15.8, thereby relieving the suction at the suction plates and nozzles.

l lVhen the parts of the upper are brought into engagement .with the suction plates and disks of the carrier by the upward movement of the assembling table, the suction mechanism then being in o eration, the parts of the upper will be hel in position on the carrier by the suction action when the assembling table descends. assembling table is elevated to bring the parts of the upper into engagement with the carrier, the gage pins 138 .are elevated therewith so that they remain in engagement in the openings in the parts of the upper until the parts Contact with the carrier to hold the same from displacement. Before the assembling table starts `to descend, however, the gage pins are withdrawn fromy the parts `of the upper so that they will have no tendency to draw the parts of the upper away from the carrier during the downward movement ofthe table." The gage pins are elevated Withthe assembling table through the frictional engagement of the tubesY 142 with the pins.

When the The mechanism for withdrawing the gage pins'comprises a lever 284 having the shape of. a yoke embracing the support 122 and pivotally supported at 285 upon arms 286 projecting downwardly from the slide 118.

he rearwardly extending arms of the lever 284 are located above the bars 140 upon which the gage pins are mounted, as shown. clearly 1n F1gs.`7 and 8.

The cross bar at the forward end of the lever 284 is adapted to be engaged by a block 288 secured to the upper end of a rod 290 mounted to slide longitudinally in the block 134 and pivotally connected at its lower end with the block 182. lVith this construction, during the first part of the upward movement of the block 182 by which the assembling table is elevated to bring the parts of the upper into engagement with the carrier, the lever 284 rises with the table and the block 288 and is not actuated by the block, the gage ins being carried upwardly with the table. Vhen the upward movement of the table is arrested by the engagement of the part-s of the upper with the carrier, the block 182 continues its upward movement independentl of the shaft 124, the rod 290 and the bloc 288 are elevated therewith, and the lever 284 is actuated to depress the gage pins below the upper surface of the assemling table. The movement' of the tripping lever 214 produced by the engagement of the bracket 218 therewith as the carrier is swung into receiving position over the assembling table is limited by the engagement of said lever with a suitable stopl face formed on the arm 217, and saidlever acts as a stop to limit t-he movement of the carrier and thereby determine the receiving position of the carrier relative to the assembling table. `By

the forward and rearward adjustment of` rment ofthe carrier, but the assembling table and the trip ing lever 214 are adjusted with said stud. e result is that the carrier is centralized with relation to the assembling table when its movement is arrested by the tripping lever, regardless of the adjusted position of the stud 166.

VUpon the release of the carrier by the operator after the parts of the upper. have been applied thereto, the carrier is swung rearwardly from its position over the assembling table to present the parts of the upper to the stitch forming mechanism and carry said parts past this mechanism by automatically acting means. ln the illus-` lows the movement of the work and carrier v to be controlled by the work engaging feeding devices during the sewing operation.

In the present machine the clutch controlling arm 102 is swung rearwardly to cause the engagement of the vmembers of the main drivingclutch as the carrier is swung rearwardly from upper receiving position to present the parts of the upper to the'stitch forming mechanism. To this end an actuating arm 292 is secured to and preferably formed integral with the carrier supporting arm 160, and a plate or block 294 mounted on a stud 296 is secured on the outer end of the actuating arm in position to engage the clutclipontrolling `lever as the carrier 1s swung from u per receiving position toward the stitch orming mechanism. Through the engagement of the block 294 with the end of the clutch controlling arm 102, said arm is swung rearwardl to cause v the engagement of the members o the main driving clutch just before the parts of the upper are presented to the stitch forming mechanism by the movement of the carrier. The clutch controlling arm is held in its rearward position during the sewing of the seam by means of the latch 106. As the parts of the upper are carried past the stitch formino mechanism by the swinging movement of the carrier, the latch 106 is released from the clutch controlling arm allowing the arm to be-actuated by the spring 104 to disengage the members of the main driv ingclutch. The latch 10G is disengaged from the clutch controlling arm by means of a trip plate 297 secured to the carrierl and arranged to engage the under edge of the forward end of the latch. The trip plate 297 is secured to the carrier by means of a screw 298 and may be adjusted to time the disengagement of the latch 106 from the clutch controlling arm relative to the movement of the carrier by adjusting the plate angularly about'the screw.

To enable the block 294 to pass the clutch controlling arm 102 during the swinging movement of the carrier from its rearward position shown in Fig. 1 to its forward or upper receiving position its upper edge is Y by the block 294 during the rearward movel ment of the carrier and the manner in which the arm is held by the latch. Fig. 16 lllustrates the manner in which the latch is lifted l out of acting position by the engagement of the tripping block 297 therewith. Fig. 17 illustrates the manner in which the clutch controlling arm is engaged by the block A294 during the forward movement of the carrier.

In operation starting with the parts of the machine in the posltion shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a vamp and a tip are irst assembled on the table 112 and are located in the proper relation with their adjacent edges overlapping by inserting the gaging pins'138 in the perforations formed therein. The operator then grasps an arm 300 secured to the carrier and swings the carrierl forwardly over the assembling table until its movement is arrested by its engagement with the tripping lever 214. As the carrier is swung into position over the table the suction mechanism is rendered active through the release of the lever 272 from the clutch controlling arm 102. By the actuation of the tripping lever, the roll clutch by which vertical movement is imparted to the table is thrown into operation. The table is elevated, thereby bringing the parts of the upper into contact with the carrier, and then descends leaving the arts held in engagement with the car- Iier y the suction mechanism. The operator then releases the carrier and the carrier is swung rearwardly by the `action of the weight 175 to present the parts to the stitch forming mechanism. Just before the parts are presented to the stitch forming mechanism, the block 294 engages the clutch controlling arm 102 and swings the same rearwardly thereby engaging the friction clutch through which` the sewing mechanism is driven. The arm 102 is held in its rearward position until the sewing operation iscompleted by the latch 106. At the completion of the sewing operation the forward-end of the latch is en aged by the block 297 and lifted, thereby re easing the arm 102 and allowing the same to swing forwardly under the action ofthe spring 104 to disengage said friction clutch. The suction mechanism is' rendered inactive at the completion of the sewing operation through the engagement of the lever 272 with the clutch controlling arm 102 allowing the parts of the upper to fall from the carrier. While a tip and a vamp are being stitched together another tip and vamp may be assembled on the assembling table and. the operation repeated in the anism ,from'l the position remote from the securing mechanismin Awhich the pieces are applied to the carrier to present the ieces to the securin mechanism and to gui e the the fastenings will .be inserted through the same during t e securing operation vso that.

overlapping portions of said pieces in predetermined relation to the edges of said portions. y

2. A machine of the class described having, in combination, securing mechanism,y a movable Work carrier, gaging devices arranged to locate ieces of sheet material in 'predetermined re ative positions with their marginal portions overlapping and their 'body/portions extending in opposite directions from their overlapping portions',l and to locate said pieces in predetermined positions with relation tothe carrier, and means yfor controlling the movement of the carrier "to cause the same to move in a predetermined and definite path relatively to the securing mechanism from the position remote from the'securin mechanism in which the pieces are applie to the carrier to present the pieces to the lsecuring mechanism and toguide the' same during the securing operation so that the vfastenings will be inserted vthrough the loverlapping portions of said pieces in edges of said portions.

3. A mach'ne of thejclass described having, in combination, stitch forming mechanism, gaging devices for determining the carrier to causethe same to move in apre- '.determined and' definite path from the position'rei'note from the stitch forminor mechanism in which the parts are applied thereto,

to present the arts'to lthe stitch forming mechanism, and) to guide the .saine during thev sewing operation. s

4. A mach'ne of 'the -class described havpredetermined relationv to the in g, in combination, means for operating on the work, a movable work carrier, and means for supporting and controlling the carrier comprising a link of fixed length pivoted at one end upon a. yfixed "ivot and pivotally connected at its other en with the carrier, and means for controlling the movement of the carrier about its pivotal connectionwith thelink.

5. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on the work, a movable work carrier, at, 4 variable fulcrum for the carrier, and alinlr vpivoted at one end n on a pivot having a ulcrum of the carrier" fixed relation to t'he and pivotally connected at its other end with the carrier.

6. A machine'of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on the work, a` movable work carrier, a link pivoted at one end upon a fixed ivot andpivotally. connetced at'its'other en with the carrier, and a fulcrum for the carrier having afixed relation to the pivotof the link and a variable relation to the carrier substantially4 in a straight line passing through the axis Yof the pivotal connection between the link and the carrier.

' 7. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating onl the work, almovable work carrier, alink pivoted at one end upon a fixed pivot and pivotally 4connectedl atA itsother end with the carrier, a fulcrum for the carrier having'a fixed `relation to the pivot'of the link `and a variable relation to the carrier, and means whereby said fulcrum and the ivot-ofthe I ink may be relatively adjusted).

'8. A machine of the class described having, in' combination, means forcoperating on aplurality of assembled pieces of sheet material, a work carrier movable to position land guide the-.assembled pieces relatively to the operatin -nism for hol ing the pieces in proper relation to each .other on the carrierv during the operation thereon. i l

9. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on a plurality of assembled pieces of sheet material, a workl carrier movable to osition and guide the assembled pieces relatlvely to the operatingl means, suction mechanism for holding the pieces in proper relation to each other on thepcarrier during the operation thereon, and means for controlling the suction mechanism'v'from the vmovement of the' f carrier.

10.1A machine of the classdescribed hav-- ing, in combination, means for operating on a plurality of assembled pieces of sheet mameans, and` suction mechaiis holding the pieces in proper relation to each other on the carrier during the operation thereon, and means for rendering the suction mechanism active and inactive.

11. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on a plurality of assembled pieces of sheet material, a Work carrier movable to osition and guide the assembled pieces relatively to the operating means, suction mechanism for holding the pieces in proper relation vto each other on the carrier during the operation thereon, and means for rendering the suction mechanism active when the carrier is moved into Work receiving position and for rendering said mechanism inactive when the operation is completed.

12. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on the Work, a Work supporting table, a carrier adapted to receive the Work from the table and movable to guide the Work relatively to the operating means during the operation, and mechanism acting to cause the carrier to take the work from the table.

13. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on the Work, a Work supporting table, gaging devices for locating the Work in a predetermined position on the table, a carrier adapted to receive the work from the table and movable to guide the Work relatively to the operating means during the operation, and mechanism acting to cause the carrier to take the Work from the table.

14. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on the Work, a Work supporting table for supporting a 4plurality of assembled pieces of sheet material, a carrier adapted to receive the assembled pieces from the table and retain them in pro er relation to each other during the operation of the operating means thereon and supported for movement in a fixed path from the table to the operating means to guide the Work relatively to the operating means during the operation, and mechanism operating to cause the carrier to talgl the assembled pieces of Work from the ta e.

15. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on the work, a `Work supporting table, a Work carrier arranged to guide the Work relatively to the operating means during the operation movable into receiving position over the table, and means for moving relatively the table and carrier toward each other to transfer the Work from the table to the carrier.'

Y 16. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on the work, a work -suporting table, gages normally projectmg above the table, a Work ing, in combination, stitch forming carrier adapted to receive the Work Jfrom the table and movable to guide the same relatively to the operating means during the operation, and automatically acting means for withdrawing the gages from operating position.

17. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on a plurality of pieces of sheet material, .a Work supporting table provided with gages for relatively positioning the pieces, a vork carrier adapted to receive the pieces from the table and movable to guide them relatively to the operating means during the operation, and means acting automatically to transfer the pieces from the table to the carrier upon moving the carrier into receiving position.

18. A machine of this class described having, in combination, means for operating on the Work, a movably mounted Work supporting table, gaging devices for locating the work in a predetermined position on the table movable with the table, a carrier adapted to receive the Work from the table and movable to guide the Work relatively to the operating means during the operation, and means for adjusting the table to adjust the position in which the Work is applied to the carrier.

19. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means' for operating on the Work, an adjustable Work supporting table, a movable carrier for guiding the Work relatively to the operating means during the operation adapted to receive the work from the table, and a device for controlling the movement of the carrier mounted for adjustment with the table.

20. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on T anism, gage pins for insertion `in holes made at predetermined points in a vamp cap to locate said parts in prede-te relative positions preparaoryto the same together, a movable carrier e ed to support the vamp and toe ca sembled relation, and n'ieans for cont` the movement of the carrier to cai same -to move in a predetermined v1 nite path from work receiving pos llt? mote from the stitch forming mechanism to present the parts to the stitch forming mechanism and to guide the same during the. sewing operation so as to locate the seam along a line substantially. parallel with the rear edge of the toe cap. v

22. A machine of the class described having, in combination, stitch formingmech amsm, gaging devices for determining the relative positions of a vani and a toe cap preparatory to securing said) parts-together, a movable carrier for guiding the parts relatively to the stitch forming mechanism during the sewing operation, suction mechanism arranged toJiOldthe -vamp and toe cap in assembled relation on the carrier, and means for controlling the movement of the carrier.

23. A machine of the class described having, iii-combination, stitch forming mecha-v nism,v a work vsupporting table adapted to receive a toe cap vand a vamp, gages for locating the toe cap and vamp in predetermined positions with relationto each other and to the table, a movablecarrier for guiding the work relatively to the stitchforming mechanism during the sewing operation arranged and operated to take the toe cap and vamp from the table and tov support the same in assembled relation, wand means for controlling the movement ofthe carrier.

24. A machine of the class described hav- A ing, vin combination,l means for operating on the work, a work supporting table, work positioninggages' associated with the table, a work carrier adapted to receive the Work from the table and movablel to guide the same relatively to the operating meansv during the operation, means for relatively moving the table-and carrier lto bring the Worksupported on the table into contact; with the carrier, and means for maintaining the gages' lin operating position until the Work is applied to the `carrier andvfor then withdraw'- ing the gages from operating position.

25. .A machine of the class described hav,- ing, in combination,means for operating onv the Work, a work supporting table, a movable carrier adapted to receive the Work from the table and to guidethe work rela'- tively to the operating means during the operation, means for moving relatively the 'table and carrier to bring the work sup- 'ported on. the table into engagement with the carrier, gages associated with the table and normally vpri-jecting above the upper surface thereof, and means for maintaining the gages in operating position until the work is brought into engagement with the carrier and for withdrawing the gages from operating position' while the work is held by the table in contact vwith the carrier.

26. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operatingon a plurality of assembled pieces of sheet material, a work ca,rrier,lsuction mechanism for holding the assembled pieces in proper relation to eachother on the carrier during the operation thereon, and means for conltrolling the suction from the movement of the carrier.

27. A machine of the class described having,in combination, means for operating on a plurality of assembled pieces of sheet maa terial, a Work supporting table provided with means for relatively positioning. the assembled pieces, a work carrier adapted to receive said assembled pieces from the table and movable into Work receiving relation to the table, and means acting automatically to transfer thev assembled pieces from the table to the carrier upon movement of the carrier into receiving position.

28. A machine of the class described having, in combination,l means for operating on the Work, a movably mounted Work-supporting table, gaging `devices for locating the Work in a predetermined position on the table movable with the table, a carrier adapt- 'ed to receive the Work from the table, and means for adjusting the table to adjust the position in which the Work is applied to the carrier. a

29. A machine of the class described having, in combination., means for operating on the Work, a movably mounted Work-supporting table, gaging devices for locating the Work in a predetermined position on the table movable with the table,'a carrier adapted to receive the Work from the'table, and' means for adjusting the position in -Which the Work is applied to the carrier...

30. A machine of the class described hav ing, in combination, means for operating on the Work,- an adjustable work-su-pportingta'- ble, a carrier adapted to receive the work from the table, anda device yfor controlling the movement of the carrier mounted and adjustedwith the table.

31. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means fory operating on the work, Work engaging feeding devices llO associated therewith, a movable carrier, and i supporting means-to the operating means,

arranged to -control the Work during the operation thereon, and mechanism for actuating said last means in a direction `to feed thev work during the operation on the work.'

33. A machine of the class described having, in combination, operating means, a support for articles to be operated on, means acting to take an article from the support and present it to the operating means arranged to control the article during the operation thereon, and means for relatively moving the article and operating means to transfer the point of operation along the article. l

34. A machine of the class described'having, in combination, operating means, a support for articles to be operated on, a carrier, mechanism operating to cause the carrier to take an article from the support, transfer it to the operating means and retain its hold thereon during the operation of the operating means, and mechanism for relatively feeding the article and operating means to transfer the point of operation along the article.

35. A machine of the classv described having, in combination, operating means, a supportfor-article's to be operated upon, a carrier arranged to receive the articles from the support and transfer the saine to the operating means movable to guide the ai'- ticles relatively to the operating means during the operation thereon, and mechanism operating to transfer the articles from they support to the, carrier.

36. A machine of the class described having, in combination, means for operating on the work, a support for the articles to be o erated upon, a carrier arranged to receive t e articles from the support and transfer the saine to the o erating means o erating to control the patli of movement o the articles during the operation thereon, and means relatively moving the support 'and the carrier to transfer the articles from the support to the carrier.

37. A machine of the class described having, in combinationnoperating means, a support for articles -to be operatedl upon, a carrier arranged to receive the articles from the support and transfer the same to the operating1 means arranged to control the articles uring the operation thereon, and means for moving the articles to transfer the oint of operation along the same, and mec ianism operating to cause the carrier to take the articles from the support.

38. A machine of the class described having, in combination, operating means, a support for thework, a carrier arranged to receive the work from the support and transfer the saine to the operating means .arranged to control the work during the operation thereon, mechanism operatin` to cause the carrier to take the articles rom the support, and means for imparting work feeding movements to the carrier.

39. In a machine of the class described the combination of a carrier, means acting to place on the carrier in predetermined relation to each other parts of a shoe upper to be stitched together, and a stitching mechamsm for stitching said arts together.

40. In a machine of t e class described a sewing mechanism, a carrier adapted to` assembled blanks to sew a seam along the overlapping edges of the blanks.

41. 1n a machine of the class described a carrier, means for placing on the carrier the parts to be secured together, gages for determining the `positionof the arts with relation to each other and to t e carrier, means for disengaging the gages, means for securing the parts together, and means for holding the parts in assembled relation after the disengagement of the gages.

42. In a machine of the class described means for operating on parts of a shoe upper, a work supporting table, means for relatively positioning the parts -of the shoe upper on the table, a carrier adapted to take the assembledv parts from the table supported for movement from the table to the operating means.

43. In a machine of the class described sewing mechanism, a work supporting) table, means for relatively ositioning parts of a shoe upper on the tab e, a carrier supported for movement from the` table to the sewing mechanism, and means'acting to transfer the parts from the table to the carrier.

44. A work positioning and holding device' for machines for inserting fasteners in the parts of the upper of a shoe to secure the same together having, in combination, a work support and gaging tools having a predetermined relation toeach other and'to the work support and arranged to project abovesaid support for engagement in gaging marks previously formed at predetermined points in each of the parts to be relativel positioned adjacent the line along whic `the fasteners are to be inserted to locate the parts in proper relation to each other and to said support along this line.

45. A work ositioning and holding device for machines for inserting fasteners in the parts of the upper of a shoe having, in combination, a' work support, gaging pins having a predetermined relation to each other and to the work support'- arranged to project above said support for engagement in gagin perforations previously formed at pre etermined points .in each of the parts to be relativel positioned adjacent the line along which t e fasteners and to said s upporLby locating the positionwhich the v'tener inserting mechanism.

ing surfaces of different parts in predetermined relative positions and also in predetermined ositions with relation to said support, an while holding the parts in the positions in which they are thus assembled on the support presenting the lsame to4 fastener inserting mechanism.

47. A method of relatively positioning two parts of the upper of a shoe and securing t e same to ether which consists in making gaging perorations in each of said parts at predetermined points, thereafter placing said parts on a movable support, locating Vsaid parts inv predetermined positions with re ation to each other and to saidsup ort by inserting gaging tools in saidI per orations, securing said parts temporarily to said support in the positions in which they are thus assembled, and idingsaid support in a predetermined pat Iwith relation toV fas- -4`8. That improvement in methods of makingshoes which consists in providing two parts of an u per each with positioning suraces at pre etermined points shaped and arranged to control the location of said parts-and thereafter utilizing said surfaces tocontrol the position of said partsl Withrelation'to each other and to a support upon lation whi e an operation is being 'performed thereon. 49. That improvement in methods of making shoes which consists in providing apart of an upper with a plurality of 'gaging holes,

thereafter locating said parts in a predetermined position on a movable support by impaling the parts in said holes, and moving said support to present the said part to mechanism for o erating thereon.

50. In a mac ,for .bling -and securing together pai-"ts of a upper, the engagi'nigjpositioning surfaces previously formed-'at predeterai'ts are maintained in such reyengage ho mined points-on each of the parts shaped and arranged to control the location of the parts byengagement with the gages, means for securing said parts together, and means for-maintaining the parts in the relative positions determined by the gages and positioning surfaces and for presenting them to the securing means.

51. In a machine for assembling and securing together parts of a shoe upper, a plurality of gages each engaging previously formed perforations in each of the parts and determining the relative positions of the parts by said engagement, means for' securing the parts together, land means fory maintaining the parts in the vrelative positions 4determined by the gages and positioning perforations and for presenting them to the securing means.

.52. In a machine for assembling and securing together parts of a shoe u gages engaging previously formed positioning surfaces on each part located in pre- II.Bv

determined relation both to`V the contour of' said part and to like ositioning surfaces on the other part and dietermining the rela'- tion of the partstoeach other by. said engagement, means for securin the parts together,- and means for maintaining the parts in. their relative positions determined by the v gages'and positioning surfaces and for presentingthem to the securing means.'

53. In a machine for assembling and securing together .parts of a shoe upper,

gage, ins entering corresponding holes previous y formed in the tip and vamp and fixing their relative positions.

.54. In a machine for assembling and securing together parts of a shoe u per, securing mechanism, a carrier by whic lthe parts are presented to thesecuring mech.

.anism, gages arranged in predetermined relation to the carrier when in-position to receive-the parts, and engaging positioning surfaces previously formed at redeterminedfpoints on each part shape and arranged' to determine by their engagement with the gages the position of the parts with relation to each other and tothe.

carrier.

55. ,In a machinefor assembling the vamp and toe tip of .a'shoe, gage pins arranged to es previously formed in the rear marginal ortion of the ca' 4near its lateral edges an correspondin oles previously formedl inthe vamp an tive positions.

- BENJAMIN F. MAYO.

to x their rela-A 

